Blogging through Sociology of Globalization (2020)

  The main issue of global politics is the result of the US presidential election. Elections on whether Republican Trump will be re-elected or Democratic Biden will become the new president have attracted worldwide attention. If Trump succeeds in re-election, he will further strengthen the protectionism he has been promoting and speed up the withdrawal of various international organizations. He said that if Biden becomes president, he will go against Trump. Except for rejoining international organizations and holding back China, they will engage in free trade. The result was Biden's victory, and Trump sued the Supreme Court over the outcome of the presidential election. It was an important issue globally because changes in the world order will come according to the policy stance of the United States, the world's number one country in the current economy, military, and culture.  The issue of corona prevention was an important issue this year. Currently, European countries that ...

  In our society, power inequality and conflict can be seen in male and female employment. According to the Ministry of Education and Korea Education Development Institute, the employment rate of male college graduates in 2018 was 69.6%, 3.6%p higher than that of female college graduates, 66.0%. In the previous year, the difference in employment rates between men and women increased 0.6 percentage points from 3.0%. The difference in the employment rate is on an increasing trend, with 2.6% in 2016, 3.0% in 2017, and 3.6% in 2018. In this way, in Korean society, there is inequality between male and female employment, and the expression of conflict about this has recently appeared through movies and novels. The novel “Kim Ji-young, born in 82,” expresses a conflict over gender discrimination, and has become a movie with a lot of popularity in Korea.  Inequality in power can also be seen through the gender wage gap. According to the Korea Women's Policy Institute, the average mont...

 Considering environmental issues, most developed countries will convert most of their energy needs into renewable energy by reducing the use of fossil fuels before they run out of petroleum energy. There is already a discussion on the use of fossil fuels among developed countries, and each country has agreed to reduce the use of fossil fuel energy. In the case of Germany, which has succeeded in energy conversion, according to Fraunhofer, the Solar Energy System Research Institute, in 2018, renewable energy such as wind power, solar power, and biomass in Germany for the first time exceeded 40% of power generation. As such, advanced countries are already responding quickly to energy conversion, and when petroleum energy runs out, most advanced countries will use more than 70% of their energy use as alternative energy.   Developing countries will not be able to develop renewable energy and will either buy energy from developed countries or use other alternative energies that are...

 It will take time, but China will economically catch up with the US. The factor that can catch up is China's population. China's population is now 1.4 billion, the number one in the world, four times more than the United States. Based on China's large population, economic growth has been achieved through inexpensive labor since the 1990s, and now China is preparing for the upcoming fourth industrial era by investing heavily in high-tech industries. There are more researchers than other countries for investment and research in the 4th industry, and even though the per capita GDP is low, the country's large number of people can have one big national economy.  Another factor is the flow of economic growth. As of 2019, China's economic growth rate was 6.11%, and the US was 2.33%. The United States has passed an era of high growth and is in an era of low growth, but China still has room for growth. China's five-year average economic growth rate is 6%, showing steadi...

 This is because most of the high value-added jobs require a high level of education. In modern capitalist society, the higher value-added jobs earn more income. Most of these jobs require specialized skills. Most of the high-income jobs we know of, such as professionals, programmers, and researchers, require a high level of professionalism and a high level of education. Therefore, the higher the education level, the higher the income.  However, in recent years, parents' economic power has been affecting their children's educational level or professional expertise. Parents with economic power are actively investing in their children's education because they know that higher education or higher education can lead to higher-income jobs. The problem is that children in families who are not financially able to receive support have reduced movement between classes, and class inheritance is occurring.  In particular, this trend is remarkable in Korea. In Korea, without natural ...

  Currently, global warming is progressing seriously. Earth's temperature is rising as carbon emissions increase, and carbon emissions are 50% higher than 20 years ago. There are many factors that contribute to global warming. First of all, the population is increasing. As the population grew, the production of necessities needed to live increased, leading to an increase in carbon emissions. Economic growth is also one of the factors of global warming. As each country's economy grew, facilities needed for power generation were expanded, and carbon emissions increased accordingly. Global exchanges also increase, increasing the use of petroleum energy needed for exchanges, resulting in increased carbon emissions. Global warming is already rapidly progressing and cannot be reverted to the same environment as before. However, since the rate can be slowed, renewable energy should be used rather than the use of energy with a large amount of carbon emissions nationally, and emissions ...

   It was during the democratization movement that fierce fighting took place in Korea. Citizens' demands for democratization increased after the military government was established in the 1980s, but the military government suppressed it. In particular, when the democratization movement broke out in Gwangju, the military government put in troops to suppress the protesters, and the cruel behavior was not known until later, after blocking Gwangju city itself at the time. After that, as protests centered on college students spread to office workers and housewives, citizens' demands for democratization became intensifying. In the process, many college students were tortured and imprisoned, and there were even cases where they died while being tortured. Democracy was restored through the sacrifices and wounds of numerous people.   Recently, public opinion was expressed through non-violent demonstrations due to the development of civic consciousness. In the fall of 2016, as Pre...

Is our culture better or worse than centuries ago?   Culture cannot compare superiority or inferiority. Our cultural technology can be said to be more advanced than the last century, but this is not a better culture. Culture is a result of the combination of regional characteristics, social factors, environment, and ideas of the country, so it cannot be judged on value. However, a culture that undermines human dignity, such as cannibal culture, is a bad culture. Human rights cannot be violated no matter what. If there is such a culture, it must be changed and apologize to the victim. In the case of Germany, the Holocaust, who committed the Holocaust during World War II, has admitted their fault and apologized to this day.   Korean culture has changed to a more individual-oriented way than before. The old culture of Korea was influenced by Confucian ideology, large family system, status system, agriculture-oriented industry, and the climate of the four seasons. A group cu...

  Is globalization good or bad? What do you think?   Globalization has many positive elements. This is because it can develop through many exchanges between countries. One of the reasons science and technology is developing rapidly is also globalization. Modern science and technology are developing much faster than the speed of science in the pre-modern period, because various science and technology are being developed all over the world, and the developed technology is rapidly spreading around the world through exchanges. The proliferated technology influences technology research in other fields, helping to achieve faster technology development. As this structure is formed in a virtuous cycle, science and technology can develop faster in the modern period than in the pre-modern period.   However, there are also criticisms that only a small number of developed countries develop and the gap with developing countries or underdeveloped countries is widening. In particu...

What is the relation between economy and globalization?  Globalization has increased the dependence of each country on the mutual economy. With the development of transportation and communication, the world's trade volume has gradually increased, and the world economy has been more and more closely linked through the FTA. In particular, the interdependence of the global economy has increased in the US, which has the largest GDP. An example of this is the 2008 global financial crisis that broke out in the United States. In the U.S., mortgage loan regulations were eased, which led to reckless loans, and as the real estate bubble burst, many financial companies went bankrupt. Many people lost their jobs, and the aftermath affected not only the United States, but also the global economy. At that time, many countries, including Korea, which had high export dependence on the United States, fell into an economic crisis and the global economy was stagnating. Because of this increased inter...

What is the relation between politics and globalization?   Globalization has led to the emergence of a new transnational political organization based on the state. Due to the development of transportation and communication, trade between each country increased and dependence increased. Accordingly, various countries have created a national coalition political body to further promote common interests through cooperation between states. There are transnational institutions in various fields such as the UN and the IMF. The UN is an international organization established to prevent war and maintain peace. Activities are largely divided into peacekeeping activities, armament reduction activities, and international cooperation activities, and consists of major organizations, auxiliary and specialized organizations. In the case of disputes between countries, mediate them or assist in cooperation between countries. The IMF aims to contribute to the increase in employment, income and produc...

  The characteristic of Korean modern social movement is non-violent struggle. Unlike Western countries and other democratic countries, the movement took place relatively peacefully. In particular, as time passed, social movements took place in a non-violent and legal manner. In the case of the June 1988 Democratic Uprising after the April 19th Revolution, there was friction between the protesters and the police during the crackdown, but there was no tremendous bloodshed. It was a more peaceful way than the April 19 Revolution. During the May 18 Democratization Movement in 1980, there was repression by the military, but this was a unilateral overrepression, even though the demonstrators did not protest violently. After that, in the case of the impeachment of former President Park Geun-hye, there was no conflict between the police and the citizens, and the entire process of impeachment took place peacefully within the legal process. At this time, foreign media also paid attention to...

  What is the relation between culture and globalization?  The characteristics of culture have changed due to globalization. As for the characteristics of the existing culture, if the culture was created based on the region, the culture became deterritorial due to globalization. Before globalization, culture formation was formed on a regional basis. Based on natural environmental factors such as climate and geographic characteristics of the region, humanistic factors such as political system and religion were added to form a culture as a complex factor. After globalization, as the interdependence of each region and country increases, culture is formed and spread beyond regional boundaries. This leads to the loss of natural relationships with culture. Due to globalization, the influence of the existing natural and environmental factors on the formation of culture was reduced. In the creation of culture, it is beyond the natural boundary of the region.  The second charact...

   Through Hofstede's theory of cultural dimension, Korea, the United States, and China were compared. In terms of power distance, China, Korea, and the United States appeared in order. This shows that the members of China recognize the difference in power and that Chinese society is a society with a clear hierarchical order. Among the three countries, the United States was found to be oriented to the horizontality of power. In terms of individualism, the United States is the highest, and Korea and China show similar numbers. There is a difference of 70, which is the largest in the country-specific figures. In terms of masculinty, China and the US show similar numbers, while Korea shows the smallest. Through this, it can be seen that the US and Chinese society give higher value to success, wealth, and power acquisition than Korean society. In the area of ​​ uncertainty avoidance, Korea was the highest at 86, followed by the US and China. This figure shows the tendency of Korea...

  The table above shows differences in gender equality indicators by continent. The countries in Europe, France and Sweden, have the highest equality among the six countries in terms of gender equality in the profession. The United States, on the American continent, has the second highest level of equality after Europe. On the other hand, Asian countries such as Japan, Korea, and Turkey show lower job equality than those in Europe and America.   Gender equality differences have been seen not only in the profession, but also in the political sector. In the table above, in the political aspect, France and Sweden, which belong to continental Europe, showed high gender equality index. The United States, which belongs to the American continent, has the second highest gender equality index. Asian countries, Korea, Japan, and Turkey, as well as the job-related gender equality index, had the lowest gender equality index among the three continents.    Lastly, gender equality ...

  What is globalization?    Recently, with the development of transportation and communication, many countries are having a lot of political, social, and economic influences. Scholars called this phenomenon ‘globalization’. Globalization is progressing in three main dimensions. It is a political, economic and cultural dimensions.  Politically, the political system of democracy that originated in Europe was considered the best of the modern political system and that was settled in most countries. In addition, the United Nations, which is a transnational organization that controls disputes between countries, or a coalition-type state agency that solves infectious diseases, climate, and environmental problems that are difficult for a single country to resolve, also appeared.  On the economic side, trade liberalization and capital movement between countries are taking place. The “WTO”, a transnational organization that conducts tariff-free trade through free trade a...

How could we measure cultural globalization?   There is a lot of effort to measure globalization. In economical dimension, people try to collect data of economy. For example, data for trade flow, exchange rate trend. In political dimension, people try to collect about political integration. But, Cultural globalization is difficult to measure visible data. Most of cultural idea is not visible and immeasurable.   Interesting thing is an idea of ​​globalization measurement. Because I didn’t think that globalization can be measured. So I learned that globalization can be measured and it is important to convert a lots of data to visible and measurable data.   In SNS like Facebook, YouTube, Instagram, I think that cultural globalization is measurable. They have measurable indicators like Facebook Like, Instagram follower, the number of YouTube subscribers, views. I want discuss about that. Are that reliable indicators? influential indicators? measurable data?